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What is the the
Steed-Kisker Phase? The inhabitants of the Steed-Kisker Phase were farmers
living in the Clay and Platte Counties, Missouri area. The villages
were located in the valley along the smaller streams emptying into the
Missouri River. Houses were dispersed 200-300 feet apart and roughly
paralleled the stream banks. Pottery was similar to Ramey Incised from
the Cahokia area and included jars with incised decorations. Carbon-14
dates for this phase were in the A.D. 970-1260 span.
A chronological
frame of reference is essential to give archaeology historical perspective.
The study of changes in the form of artifacts can record the passage
of time. Potsherds afford a primary means for setting up a Chronological
Sequence which is used to distinguish a site or region and to
establish contemporaneity of occupations.
A chronological
sequence of decorative designs on the Steed-Kisker ceramic vessels has
been proposed by Patricia J. OBrien, and is tested here. OBrien
proposed four phases for the Steed-Kisker ceramics, each phase typified
by specific deigns. The sequence is tested by comparing the ceramic
designs from two houses (Houses 1 and 3) and a cluster of storage/refuse
pits (Area 1) with the proposed stylistic sequence. Each house is believed
to have been occupied for at most one or two decades based on the historic
life span of similar houses.
Results
Ceramics from House
1 and Area 1 occur in OBrien ceramic phases 2,3 and 4. None of
the House 3 designs are represented in the OBrien sequence. The
ceramics at a short-term occupied house should not span three phases
and indicates that the OBrien sequence does not reflect time.
Houses 1 and 3 and Area 1 vary substantially in ceramic decoration and
the differences reflect time or contemporary households marking their
ceramic products. A chronological sequence for Steed-Kisker ceramics
has not yet been developed and will require comparison of the ceramics
from several of the radiocarbon dated households.
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The
information presented here represents preliminary research as
the result of ten-weeks of investigation in-residence at the
National Museum of Natural History. This is not an official
publication of the information.
As preliminary information, results and/or findings should not
be cited as part of conclusive work. Please contact the authors
first if you wish to utilize the information presented here.
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