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This function searches the entire NMNH academic appointments web site, including three different servers. The "Ctrl F" function works through most browsers to search for information contained only on this page.

Natural History Professional Academic Appointments
Alphabetical Listing - 2005
Last Updated: 4 June 2005

There were 435 scientists holding a professional academic appointment at Smithsonian's National Museum of Natural History in 2005. There were five different appointment type including: Student (26), Visiting Scientist, Collaborator (44), Research Associate (324) and Adjunct Scientist (41). The term "Research Associate" is used collectively for all individuals awarded a professional academic appointment and are part of the NMNH scientific community.

Although active members of the scientific community, "Research Associates" are not employees of the Museum, but individuals who hold a formal scholarly affiliation with the Institution. Appointments are generally awarded for up to three years and may be renewed. There are two renewal cycles each year, May 1st and November 1st.

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APPOINTMENT CATEGORIES

Student: This appointment type encompasses those individuals who are actively pursuing their education at a college or university but have not yet achieved professional status. The formal designation "Student" acknowledges active collaboration between an individual and NMNH staff.

Visiting Scientist: Those professionals working independently within the National Museum of Natural History research and collection facilities.

Research Collaborator: Collaborators are those professionals working independently within the National Museum of Natural History research and collection facilities or informally collaborating with members from the NMNH community on scientific endeavors. Collaborators have achieved an academic degree and hold professional status within the scientific community.

Research Associate: Professional scholars who formally and actively collaborate with NMNH scientific staff through collaborative projects, proposal submission, co-authored publications, etc. including regular use of the NMNH research and collection facilities. Research Associates have achieved a degree, usually a doctorate, and have professional status within their academic community, they are generally affiliated with a recognized academic institution as active or retired staff and have an active publication record, including at least one scholarly publication within the past two years.

Adjunct Scientist: The title of Adjunct Scientist is awarded by NMNH to distinguished professionals who significantly contribute to the intellectual life of the Museum through their in-residence participation in the care and curation of the collections; active research and publication; service on NMNH and/or SI panels and committees; and mentoring of students working with NMNH scientific staff. Adjunct Scientists have achieved a doctorate; have professional status within their scientific community; have an active publication record, including at least one scholarly publication each year; and demonstrate a commitment to the NMNH scientific community through their regular in-residence participation in the scholarly activities of the Museum.

PROFESSIONAL ACADEMIC APPOINTEES
 Award cycle: 1 May 2005

ADAMSKI, David N. Adjunct Scientist. Institutional affiliation: Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. Education: B.S. (1979) University of Massachusetts; M.S. (1981) University of Massachusetts; Ph.D. (1987) Mississippi State University. Research specialties: systematics of Gelechioidea, especially Blastobasinae. Staff sponsor: Chair, Entomology. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-09

ADIS, Joachim. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Max-Planck-Institute. Education: Research specialties: canopy research in South America. Staff sponsor: Terry Erwin. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 5-Aug-04 to 4-Aug-07

AFABLE, Patricia O. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: None. Chevy Chase, MD. Education: B.A. (1962) University of the Philippines; Ph.M (1968) Yale University; Ph.D. (1989) Yale University. Research specialties: Philippine culture history. Staff sponsor: Paul M. Taylor. Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 28-Jun-04 to 27-Jun-07

AGNARSSON, Ingi. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: University of British Columbia. Education: B.S. (1995) University of Iceland; Ph.D. (2004) George Washington University. Research specialties: araneoid spiders, especially cobweb weaving. Staff sponsor: Jonathan A. Coddington. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

AGOSTI, Donat. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: None. New York, NY. Education: B.S. (1983) Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland; Ph.D. (1989) Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland. Research specialties: ants. Staff sponsor: Ted Schultz. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

AIELLO, Annette. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. Education: B.A. (1972) Brooklyn College; M.A. (1975) Harvard University; Ph.D. (1978) Harvard University. Research specialties: insect life histories; especially Lepidoptera; insect behavior, ecology, and evolution. Staff sponsor: Robert K. Robbins. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

ALONSO, Leeanne E. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Center for Applied Biodiversity Science. Education: Research specialties: Staff sponsor: Ted Schultz. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 6-Jan-03 to 5-Jan-06

ALTIG, Ronald. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Mississippi State University, retired. Education: B.S. (1963) University of Illinois; M.S. (1965) Southern Illinois University; Ph.D. (1968) Oregon State University. Research specialties: larval amphibians, species identification of tadpoles. Staff sponsor: Kevin de Queiroz. Science Unit: Zoology, Herps. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

AMITH, Jonathan D. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Gettysburg College. Education: B.A. (1978) University of Michigan; Ph.D. (2000) Yale University. Research specialties: linguistics; anthropology; ethnobiology; Indigenous communities in Mexico. Staff sponsor: William L. Merrill. Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

ANGULO, Enrique. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: None. Bethesda, MD. Education: MD. (1976) Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru. Research specialties: locus of domestication an dutilization of the Muscovy duck; antiquity and distribution of tapirage, including changing the color of feathers on living birds; biological explanations for cultural evidence, interpretation of faunal remains, El Nino events on coastal biota with efforts to retrive indigenous crops. Staff sponsor: Betty Meggers and Dennis Stanford. Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 15-May-05 14-May-08 .

APPETITI, Emanuela. Collaborator. Institutional affiliation: None. Washington, DC. Education: B.A. (1987) Rome University. Research specialties: hunter-gather populations; popular traditions; traditional medicine; ethnobotany/ethnopharmacology; integration of traditional culture into the modern world. Staff sponsor: Dan H. Nicolson. Science Unit: Botany. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-05

ARMOUR-CHELU, Miranda J. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Howard University. Education: B.A. (1982) London University; M.S. (1986) London University; Ph.D. (1993) London University. Research specialties: evolution of central paratethys Miocene vertebrate communities; systematics and paleoecology of East African equids. Staff sponsor: Anna K. Behrensmeyer. Science Unit: Paleobiology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

ARNAUD, Madeline. Collaborator. Institutional affiliation: California Academy of Sciences. Education: None. Research specialties: sorting literature. Staff sponsor: Normand Woodley and Ted Schultz Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 15-May-05 14-May-08 .

ARNAUD, Paul H. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: California Academy of Sciences. Education: B.S. (1949) Sna Jose State University; M.A. (1950) Stanford University; Ph.D. (1961) Stanford University. Research specialties: biosystematics of Diptera. Staff sponsor: Wayne Mathis. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 31-Aug-04 to 30-Aug-07

ATIL, Esin. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: None. Arlington, VA. Education: B.A. (1958) Western College for Women; M.A. (1960) University of Michigan; Ph.D. (1969) University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Research specialties: cultural history & art in Middle East. Staff sponsor: Paul M. Taylor. Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 16-Jan-03 to 15-Jan-06

AUSICH, William I. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Ohio State University. Education: Research specialties: Staff sponsor: Brian Huber. Science Unit: Paleobiology. Appointment term: 14-Jan-03 to 13-Jan-06

BAMBACH, Richard Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Education: B.A. (1957) Johns Hopkins University; M.A. (1964) Yale University; Ph.D. (1969) Yale University. Research specialties: community paleoecology, diversity, and diversity change through time; Paleozoic bivalva mollusks; paleogeography and paleobiogeography; interpretation of depositional environments; macroevolution. Staff sponsor: Scott Wing. Science Unit: Paleobiology Appointment term: 15-May-05 14-May-08 .

BANKS, Richard C. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center. Education: B.S. (1953) Ohio State University; M.A. (1958) University of California-Berkeley; Ph.D. (1961) University of California-Berkeley. Research specialties: avian systematics. Staff sponsor: Chair, Zoology. Science Unit: Zoology, Birds. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

BARON-SZABO, Rosemarie C. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: None. Knoxville, TN. Education: Ph.D. (1997) Institute of Paleontology, Freie Universitat, Berlin. Research specialties: taxonomy, stratigraphy of Cretaceous Scleractinia (stony corals); Mesozoic corals. Staff sponsor: Stephen Cairns. Science Unit: Zoology, Inverts. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

BARROWS, Edward. Collaborator. Institutional affiliation: Georgetown University. Education: B.S. (1968) University of Michigan; Ph.D. (1975) University of Kansas. Research specialties: arthropod biological diversity of parks; scientific communication. Staff sponsor: Ted Schultz. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 15-Jan-05 to 14-Nov-07 .

BARSE, William P. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: None. Hampstead, MD. Education: B.A. (1973) University of Maryland; M.A. (1981) Catholic University; Ph.D. (1989) Catholic University. Research specialties: archaeology and paleoecological studies in rain forests. Staff sponsor: Betty Meggers. Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 2-Dec-02 to 1-Dec-05

BASSET, Yves. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. Education: M.S. (1985) University of Neuchatel; Ph.D. (1990) Griffith University. Research specialties: insect ecology in Papua New Guinea; tropical insect ecology. Staff sponsor: Scott Miller. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 2-Mar-04 to 2-Mar-07

BAUER, Aaron Matthew. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Villanova University. Education: B.A. (1982) Michigan State University; Ph.D. (1986) University of California at Berkeley. Research specialties: phylogenetic systematics, evolutionary and functional morphology, and zoogeography of the gekkonid lizards of the southern hemisphere. Staff sponsor: Kevin de Queiroz. Science Unit: Zoology, Herps. Appointment term: 12-May-04 to 12-May-07

BECKER, Vitor O. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Planaltina, DF, Brazil. Education: M.S. (1973) Center for Tropical Education and Research; Ph.D. (1981) Imperial College, University of London. Research specialties: biology of Atlantic forests of southern Brazil; Gelechioidea; neotropical Lepidoptera. Staff sponsor: Donald R. Davis. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 16-Mar-04 to 16-Mar-07

BELLAMY, Charles Lawrence. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: California Department of Agriculture. Education: B.A. (1979) Californai State University; M.S. (1983) California State University; Ph.D. (1987) University of Pretoria, South Africa. Research specialties: systematics and phylogeny of Coraebini (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Agrilinae). Staff sponsor: Terry Erwin. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 3-Aug-04 to 2-Aug-07

BENITEZ, Alexander Villa Student. Institutional affiliation: University of Texas at Austin. Education: B.A. (1992) University of Arizona, Tucson; M.A. (1999) University of Texas, Austin. Research specialties: origins and distribution of obsidian artifacts recovered from archaeological sites in the Toluca Valley, Mexico. Staff sponsor: J. Daniel Rogers. Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 15-Jan-05 to 14-Nov-07 .

BERLIN, O. Brent. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: University of Georgia. Education: B.S. - ? Ph.D. (1964) Stanford University. Research specialties: ethnobotany. Staff sponsor: William Merrill and Vicki Funk. Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 15-Jan-05 to 14-Nov-07 .

BERNOR Raymond Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Howard University Education: B.A. (1971) University of California, Los Angeles; M.A. (1973) University of California, Los Angeles; Ph.D. (1978) University of California, Los Angeles. Research specialties: Neogene mammals. Staff sponsor: Robert Emry. Science Unit: Paleobiology Appointment term: 15-May-05 14-May-08 .

BERNSTEIN Robin Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: George Washington University. Education: B.A. (1997) Rutgers College; Ph.D. (2004) University of Illinois. Research specialties: developmental biology of organisms closely related to humans. Staff sponsor: Richard Potts. Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 15-May-05 14-May-08 .

BERTA, Annalisa Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: San Diego State University. Education: B.A. (1974) University of Washington; Ph.D. (1979) University of California, Berkeley. Research specialties: systematics, evolution, morphology and biogeography of marine mammals. Staff sponsor: Robert J. Emry. Science Unit: Paleobiology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

BILBY, Kenneth. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Bard College. Education: B.A. (1976) Bard College; M.A. (1980) Wesleyan University; Ph.D. (1990) Johns Hopkins University. Research specialties: cultures of the Caribbean; ethnomusicology; cultural creolization; polyglot culture. Staff sponsor: John P. Homiak. Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

BOBE, Rene Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: SUNY, Buffalo Education: B.A. (1983) Pomona College; Ph.D. (1997) University of Washington. Research specialties: faunas and environmental change in East African Plio-Pleistocene; relationship of faunal change to hominin evolution. Staff sponsor: Anna K. Behrensmeyer. Science Unit: Paleobiology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

BOSTROM Peter Collaborator. Institutional affiliation: None. Education: None. Research specialties: artist and photographer; replications of Paleoindian and Paleolithic artifacts. Staff sponsor: Dennis Stanford. Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 15-May-05 14-May-08 .

BOUCHET Philippe Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris. Education: B.S. (1974) Unviversity Pierre & Marie Curie; Ph.D. (1977) University Pierre & Marie Curie. Research specialties: taxonomy, natural history, and conservation of molluscs. Staff sponsor: Ellen Strong. Science Unit: Zoology, Inverts. Appointment term: 15-May-05 14-May-08 .

BRADLEY, Bruce A. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: University of Exeter. Education: B.A. (1970) University of Arizona; Ph.D. (1977) University of Cambridge. Research specialties: Paleolithic technology, North American Paleo-Indian. Staff sponsor: Dennis Stanford. Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

BRAY, Tamara L. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Wayne State University. Education: B.A. (1980) Beloit College; M.A. (1985) State University of New York; Ph.D. (1991) State University of New York. Research specialties: repatriation and Native American issues, Andean archaeology. Staff sponsor: William Billeck. Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 7-Oct-02 to 6-Oct-05

BRAZ, Valeria. Student. Institutional affiliation: National School of Public Health, Rio de Janeiro, Barzil. Education: B.A. (1999) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro; M.S. (2001) Fbderal University of Rio de Janeiro; Ph.D. candidate. Research specialties: taphonomy; histology; bone chemistry. Staff sponsor: Douglas H. Ubelaker. Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-05

BRITZ, Ralph. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Natural History Museum, London. Education: B.S. (1992) Tubingen University; M.S. (1992) Tubingen University; Ph.D. (1995) Tubingen University. Research specialties: anatomy, ethology and egg surface structure of fishes. Staff sponsor: G. David Johnson. Science Unit: Zoology, Fishes. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

BROOKS, Alison S. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: George Washington University. Education: B.A. (1965) Radcliffe College; M.A. (1967) Harvard University; Ph.D. (1979) Harvard University. Research specialties: human origins in Botswana, Congo, Ethiopia. Staff sponsor: Richard Potts. Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 15-May-05 14-May-08 .

BROWER, Andrew Van Zandt. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Oregon State University. Education: B.A. (1985) Yale College; M.A. (1987) Yale School of Forestry; Ph.D. (1994) Cornell University. Research specialties: empirical systematics and population biology of lepidoptera; morphological and molecular cladistics of Ithomiinae; phylogenetic and biogeographical relationships of austral and Andean pronophiline Satyrinae; higher-level systematics of the Nymphalidae using DNA sequences. Staff sponsor: Robert K. Robbins. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

BROWER, Lincoln Pierson. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Sweet Briar College. Education: Research specialties: Staff sponsor: Robert K. Robbins. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 5-Nov-03 to 4-Nov-06

BROWN, Brian V. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Los Angeles County Museum. Education: B.S. (1983) University of Guelph; M.S. (1985) University of Guelph; Ph.D. (1990) University of Alberta. Research specialties: Diptera, especially the Phoridae. Staff sponsor: Wayne Mathis. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

BROWN, John W. Adjunct Scientist. Institutional affiliation: Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. Education: B.S. (1983) San Diego State University; Ph.D. (1988) University of California, Berkeley. Research specialties: systematics and biogeography of Tortricidae (Insecta: Lepidoptera); biogeography of Baja California; conservation biology; faunal surveys. Staff sponsor: Chair, Entomology. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-09

BROWNELL, Robert L. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: National Marine Fisheries Services. Education: B.S. (1965) San Diego State University.; Ph.D. (1975) University of Tokyo. Research specialties: cetacean systematics. Staff sponsor: James G. Mead. Science Unit: Zoology, Mammals. Appointment term: 3-Aug-04 to 2-Aug-07

BUDD, Nancy Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: University of Iowa. Education: B.A. (1973) Lawrence University; M.A. (1975) Johns Hopkins University; Ph.D. (1978) Johns Hopkins University. Research specialties: Cenozoic fossil Scleractinia. Staff sponsor: Stephen Cairns. Science Unit: Zoology, Inverts. Appointment term: 15-Jan-05 to 14-Nov-07 .

BUENO-SORIA, Joaquin. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: None. Mexico. Education: Research specialties: Staff sponsor: Oliver Flint. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 5-Nov-03 to 4-Nov-06

BUIKSTRA, Jane E. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: University of New Mexico. Education: B.A. (1967) DePauw University; M.A. (1969) University of Chicago; Ph.D. (1972) University of Chicago. Research specialties: prehistoric populations from the Americas; microevolutionary change and biological response to environmental stress. Staff sponsor: Gillian Flynn and William Fitzhugh Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 15-Jan-05 to 14-May-09 .

BURBINE, Thomas H. Collaborator. Institutional affiliation: Mt. Holyoke College. Education: B.S. (1988) Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; M.S. (1991) University of Pittsburg; Ph.D. Massachusette Institute of Technology. Research specialties: spectroscopy of asteroids. Staff sponsor: Timothy J. McCoy. Science Unit: Mineral Sciences. Appointment term: 15-Jan-05 to 14-May-06 .

BURCH, Jr., Ernest S. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: None. Gettysburg, PA. Education: B.A. (1960) Princetin University; M.A. (1963) University of Chicago; Ph.D. (1966) University of Chicago. Research specialties: historical ethnography of Arctic peoples, particularly Eskimos. Staff sponsor: William W. Fitzhugh. Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

BURKE, Christina E. Collaborator. Institutional affiliation: Indiana University. Education: B.A. (1989) University of Rochester. Research specialties: ethnohistory, museum anthropology, American Indian art. Language and literacy. Staff sponsor: Daniel J. Rogers and Candace Greene. Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 15-May-05 14-May-06 .

BURKE, Randolph Collaborator. Institutional affiliation: North Dakota Geological Survey Education: B.S. (1971) Colorado State University, Pueblo; M.S. (1979) University of South Florida; Ph.D. (1989) University of North Dakota. Research specialties: Caribbean reefs. Staff sponsor: Walter H. Adey Science Unit: Botany. Appointment term: 15-May-05 14-May-08 .

BURNHAM, Robyn. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: University of Michigan. Education: B.S. (1980) University of California, Berkeley; M.S. (1983) University of Washington; Ph.D. (1987) University of Washington. Research specialties: conservation status of neotropical lianas; corridors and preserves as biodiversity banks; population biology, biogeography, and systematics of neotropical lianas. Staff sponsor: Scott Wing. Science Unit: Paleobiology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

BURNS, John R. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: George Washington University. Education: B.S. (1968) Brooklyn College; M.S. (1972) University of Massachusetts; Ph.D. (1974) University of Massachusetts. Research specialties: South American freshwater fishes. Staff sponsor: Stanley Weitzman. Science Unit: Zoology, Fishes. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

BYE, Robert. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. Education: B.S. (1969) University of New York at Syracuse; Ph.D. (1976) Harvard University. Research specialties: ethnobotany; ethnoecology; botanical diversity; human-environmental relationships Staff sponsor: William L. Merrill. Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 8-Apr-04 to 8-Apr-07

CADLE, John E. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Chicago Zoological Society. Education: B.S. (1975) University of Georgia; Ph.D. (1982) University of California at Berkeley. Research specialties: systematics, phylogeny, natural history, and conservation of tropical amphibians and reptiles, with a focus on the Neotropics and Madagascar. Staff sponsor: Kevin de Queiroz. Science Unit: Zoology, Herps. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

CALDAS, Astrid. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: University of Maryland. Education: B.S. (1985) Universidade Santa Ursula; M.S. (1985) Universidade Federal do Parana; Ph.D. (1992) Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Research specialties: insect ecology and biostatistics. Staff sponsor: John Burns. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 5-Mar-04 to 5-Mar-07

CAMP, David K. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: None. Seminole, FL. Education: B.S. (1967) Mercer University; Research specialties: systematics of decapod and stomatopod crustaceans, with special emphasis on the fauna of the southeastern U. S. and the Gulf of Mexico. Staff sponsor: Rafael Lemaitre. Science Unit: Zoology, Inverts. Appointment term: 15-May-05 14-May-08 .

CARLSON, Robert W. Adjunct Scientist. Institutional affiliation: Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. Education: B.A. (1962) University of Michigan; M.S. (1963) University of Michigan; Ph.D. (1968) University of Michigan. Research specialties: parasitic Hymenoptera, principally the family Ichneumonidae, subfamily Campopleginae. Staff sponsor: Chair, Entomology. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-09

CARPENTER, Kent E. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Old Dominion University. Education: B.S. (1975) Florida Institute of Technology; Ph.D. (1985) Univeristy of Hawaii. Research specialties: classification and biology of marine fishes. Staff sponsor: Victor G. Springer. Science Unit: Zoology, Fishes. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

CASTANZO, Ronard. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: None. Bowie, MD. Education: B.S. (1988) University of Scranton; M.S. (1991) Villanova; M.A. (1994) Pennsylvania State University; Ph.D. (2002) Pennsylvanis State University. Research specialties: evolution of prehispanic Mesoamerican economic and political systems; development of agriculture; settlement system analysis; GIS; instrumental neutron activation analysis. Staff sponsor: Ronald L. Bishop. Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 tp 14-Nov-05

CASTRO, Ricardo M. C. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil. Education: B.S. (1977) Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; M.S. (1984) Universidade de São Paulo; Ph.D. (1990) Universidade de São Paulo. Research specialties: systematics, evolution, and ecology of South American freshwater fishes, particularly of the order Characiformes; systematics and ecology of Brazilian coastal marine fishes. Staff sponsor: Richard P. Vari. Science Unit: Zoology, Fishes. Appointment term: 21-Aug-03 to 20-Aug-06

CAUSEY, Douglas. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Harvard University. Education: B.A. (1974) University of California, Irvine; M.S. (1977) University of California, Irvine; M.S. (1980) University of AZ; Ph.D. (1982) Harvard University. Research specialties: archaeological/paleoecological/biogeographical in Western Aleutian Islands. Staff sponsor: William W. Fitzhugh. Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

CHAN, Raymund. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: University of Hawaii, Manoa. Education: B.S. (1989) National University of Sihgapore; M.S. (1994) University of New Mexico; Ph.D. (2000) University of California, Berkeley. Research specialties: plant molecular systematics; use of molecular tools and cladistics to test hypotheses involving the phylogeny and evolution of plants; plant morphology. Staff sponsor: Vicki Funk. Science Unit: Botany. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

CHAO, Ning Labbish. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Conservation International. Education: B.S. (1968) Tunghai University, Taiwan; M.S. (1992) Northeastern University; Ph.D. (1976) College of William and Mary. Research specialties: Amazonian fish diversity and ecosystems. Staff sponsor: Lynne R. Parenti. Science Unit: Zoology, Fishes. Appointment term: 14-Apr-03 to 13-Apr-06

CHAVARRIA, Gabriela. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Defenders of Willdlife. Education: B.S. (1990) Universidad Automnoma de Mexico; M.A. (1993) Harvard University; Ph.D. (1996) Harvard University. Research specialties: bumblebee systematics, pollination, invasive species, animal conservation policy. Staff sponsor: Ted Schultz. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 6-Jan-03 to 5-Jan-06

CHESSER, Robert. Adjunct Scientist. Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey. B.A. Georgia State University; Ph.D. (1995) Louisiana State University. Research specialties: North American birds; seasonal distribution of South American austral migrant birds; biogeography and systematics of birds; modern molecular and cladistic techniques for reconstruction of phylogeny, character evolution, and biogeographic history. Science unit: Zoology, birds. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-09

CHILDS, S. Terry. Collaborator. Institutional affiliation: National Park Service. Education: A.B. (1976) Brown University; M.A. (1980) Boston University; Ph.D. (1986) Boston Unversity. Research specialties: Africa; African Iron Age; Northeastern U.S. prehistory; anthropological archaeology; complex societies; ethnoarchaeology; anthropology of technology; symbolism; anthropology of art; gender and technology; oral tradition; technology transfer. Staff sponsor: Mary Jo Arnoldi. Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 15-May-05 14-May-08 .

CLAPHAM, Phillip J. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Alaska Fisheries Science Center. Education: B.A. (1977) University of London; Ph.D. (1993) University of Aberdeen. Research specialties: marine mammals; large whales. Staff sponsor: James G. Mead. Science Unit: Zoology, Mammals. Appointment term: 15-Jan-05 to 14-Nov-07 .

CLARK, James M. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: George Washington University. Education: B.S. (1978( University of California, Berkeley; M.S. (1985) University of California, Berkeley; Ph.D. (1986) University of Chicago. Research specialties: fossil vertebrates; hominid paleobiology; morphological systematics. Staff sponsor: Matthew Carrano. Science Unit: Paleobiology. Appointment term: 13-Apr-04 to 13-Apr-07

CLARK, John L. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: None. Education: B.S. (1993) University of Vermont; Ph.D. (2004) George Washington University. Research specialties: Gesneriaceae. Staff sponsor: Laurence E. Skog and Vicki Funk. Science Unit: Botany. Appointment term: 15-Jan-05 to 14-Nov-07 .

CLARKE, H. David. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: University of North Carolina. Education: B.S. (1985) University of Wisconsin, Madison; M.S. (1989) University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign; Ph.D. (1995) University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. Research specialties: systematic and evolutionary studies of the Fabaceae. Staff sponsor: Vicki Funk. Science Unit: Botany. Appointment term: 15-Jan-05 to 14-Nov-07 .

CLEMENTZ, Mark. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: University of Wyoming. Education: B.S. (1996) University of Missouri; Ph.D. (2002) University of California, Santa Cruz. Research specialties: feeding ecology of manatees. Staff sponsor: Valerie Paul. Science Unit: Marine Station. Appointment term: 2-Mar-04 to 2-Mar-07

CODY, Jeannine H. Collaborator. Institutional affiliation: National Marine Fisheries Service Education: B.A. (1989) University of Virginia; M.S. (2001) University of Maryland. Research specialties: aquaculture and fish physiology and reproduction. Staff sponsor: Lynne R. Parenti. Science Unit: Zoology, Fishes. Appointment term: 15-May-05 14-May-08 .

COLE, Kathleen Sabina. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: University of Louisiana. Education: B.S. (1973) University of Western Ontario; M.S. (1976) University of Guelph; Ph.D. (1982) University of Alberta. Research specialties: reproducrive biology and behavior of fishes; temporal patterns of spawning and hatching and field estimates of reproductive success in egg-guarding fishes. Staff sponsor: Lynne R. Parenti. Science Unit: Zoology, Fishes. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

COLLETTE, Bruce B. Adjunct Scientist. Institutional affiliation: NOAA, National Marine Fisheries Service Systematics Laboratory. Education: B.S. (1956) Cornell University; Ph.D. (1960) Cornell University. Research specialties: systematics, evolution, zoogeography, and biology of marine fishes, especially Scombroidei, Beloniformes, and Batrachoididae. Staff sponsor: Chair, Zoology. Science Unit: Zoology, Fishes. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-09

COLLINS, Allen G. Adjunct Scientist. Institutional affiliation: NOAA, National Marine Fisheries Service Systematics Laboratory. Education: B.A. (1987) Amherst College; Ph.D. (1999) University of California, Berkeley. Research specialties: systematics and evolution of sponges, cnidarians, and other early diverging metazoan groups Staff sponsor: Chair, Zoology. Science Unit: Zoology, Inverts. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-09

COLLINS, Jennifer. A. Collaborator. Institutional affiliation: None. Alexandria, VA. Education: B.S. (1993) University of California, Davis; M.A. (2004) National University. Research specialties: medusae; development of science curricula. Staff sponsor: Jon Norenburg. Science Unit: Zoology, Inverts. Appointment term: 15-Jan-05 to 14-Nov-07 .

CONSTANTINO, Paul Student. Institutional affiliation: George Washington University. Education: B.A. (1992) Saint Michael's College; M.A. (2001) Florida Atlantic University. Research specialties: ecomorphology of masticatory hypertrophy in primates. Staff sponsor: Richard Potts. Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 15-Jan-05 to 14-Nov-07 .

COOK, Anita G. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: None. Education: Research specialties: Staff sponsor: Betty Meggers. Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 22-Oct-03 to 21-Oct-06

COPELAND, Robert. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: None. Bethesda, MD. Education: Research specialties: Staff sponsor: Scott Miller. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 6-Jan-03 to 5-Jan-06

CORRIGAN, Catherine Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Johns Hopkins University. Education: B.S. (1995) Michigan State University; M.S. (1989) Michigan State University; Ph.D. (2003) Case Western Reserve University. Research specialties: geochemical studies of meteorites and other extraterrestrial materials; new analytical techniques for robotic spacecraft missions. Staff sponsor: Timothy J. McCoy. Science Unit: Mineral Sciences. Appointment term: 15-May-05 14-May-08 .

COURTNEY, Gregory W. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Iowa State University. Education: B.S. (1982) Oregon State University; Ph.D. (1989) University of Alberta. Research specialties: insect systematics; aquatic entomology; insect biodiversity. Staff sponsor: Wayne Mathis. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

CRANDALL, Frank. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Turkey Run Research Institute. Education: B.A. (1959) University of California, Berkeley. Research specialties: taxonomy, systematics, and phylogeneic analysis of the phylum Nemeretea. Staff sponsor: Jon Norenburg. Science Unit: Zoology, Inverts. Appointment term: 29-Jun-04 to 28-Jun-07

CROWN, Patricia Louise. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: University of New Mexico. Education: A.B. (1974) University of Pennsylvania; M.A. (1976) University of Arizona; Ph.D. (1981) University of Arizona. Research specialties: ceramic analysis; ceramics of the Southwestern US; archaeology of Chaco Canyon, New Mexico. Staff sponsor: Melinda Zeder. Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

CRUZ, Felix Benjamin. Collaborator. Institutional affiliation: Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Argentina. Education: B.S. (1988) Universidad de Mar del Plata; Ph.D. (1996) Universidad Nacional de Tucuman. Research specialties: ecology of neotropical lizards. Staff sponsor: Kevin de Queiroz. Science Unit: Zoology, Herps. Appointment term: 22-Apr-04 to 21-Apr-07

CULVER, Stephen J. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: East Carolina University. Education: B.S. (1973) University of Wales; Ph.D. (1976) University of Wales. Research specialties: biodiversity of foraminifers. Staff sponsor: Martin A. Buzas. Science Unit: Paleobiology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

CURRIE, Cameron Robert. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: University of Kansas. Education: Research specialties: Staff sponsor: Ted Schultz. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 5-Nov-03 to 4-Nov-06

CUTLER, Alan H. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: None. Washington, DC. Education: B.A. (1975) Carleton College; M.S. (1977) University of Rochester; Ph.D. (1991) University of Arizona. Research specialties: vertebrate taphonomy and paleobiology. Staff sponsor: Anna K. Behrensmeyer and Ian G. Macintyre. Science Unit: Paleobiology. Appointment term: 15-Jan-05 to 14-Nov-07 .

DALGLEISH, Robert C. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: None. San Diego, CA. Education: B.S. (1962) San Diego State University Ph.D. (1967) Cornell University. Research specialties: ectoparasites. Staff sponsor: Ted Schultz. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 1-Jun-04 to 1-Jun-07

DE LEON, Greta Collaborator. Institutional affiliation: Mexico-North Research Network. Education: B.A. (1995) Instituto de Cultura Superior, Mexico. Research specialties: Latin American and European art history. Staff sponsor: William L. Merrill. Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 15-Jan-05 to 14-Nov-07 .

DE PINNA, Mario C.C. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Museu de Zoologia da Universidade Sao Paulo. Education: B.S. (1988) Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Ph.D. (?) City University of New York. Research specialties: systematics and evolution of catfishes, herrings, and anchovies (orders Siluriformes and Clupeiformes); studies of higher-level relationships of bony fishes. Staff sponsor: Richard P. Vari. Science Unit: Zoology, Fishes. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

DE SA, Rafael Omar. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: University of Richmond. Education: M.A. (1986) The University of Kansas; Ph.D. (1991) The University of Texas at Austin. Research specialties: evolution and phylogenetic reconstruction using both morphological and molecular data, integration of data sets, herpetology, conservation. Staff sponsor: W. Ronald Heyer. Science Unit: Zoology, Herps. Appointment term: 16-Mar-04 to 16-Mar-07

DEL RIO, Mercedes. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: None. Arlington, VA. Education: B.A. (1975) University of Buenos Aires; Ph.D. (1996) University of Buenos Aires. Research specialties: Andean Ethnic Studies, Colonial History & Anthropology. Staff sponsor: Betty Meggers. Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 29-Jun-04 to 28-Jun-07

DEOCAMPO, Daniel M. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: None. Annandale, VA. Education: Research specialties: Staff sponsor: Ian G. Macintyre. Science Unit: Paleobiology. Appointment term: 19-Jul-02 to 18-Jul-05

DICKINSON, Tamara L. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: National Research Council. Education: B.A. (1981) University of Northern Iowa; M.S. (1984) University of New Mexico; Ph.D. (1988) University of New Mexico. Research specialties: meteorites; ungrouped irons. Staff sponsor: Timothy J. McCoy. Science Unit: Mineral Sciences. Appointment term: 15-Jan-05 to 14-Nov-07 .

DINEEN, Joseph. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: None. Fort Pierce, FL. Education: B.A. (1969) University of New Hampshire; M.S. (1979) University of Rhode Island; Ph.D. (1987) University of Maryland. Research specialties: transport and settlement behavior of marein invertebrate larvae; crustacean life history; bioerosion in coral reef systems. Staff sponsor: Valerie Paul. Science Unit: Marine Station. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

DODD, Jr. C. Kenneth. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: US Geological Survey. Education: B.S. (1971) University of Kentucky; M.S. (1972) Arizona State University; Ph.D. (1974) Clemson University. Research specialties: turtle biology; neotropical salamanders; analysis of immobility and the effects of temperature on immobility; inventory and monitoring of critical habitats. Staff sponsor: W. Ronald Heyer. Science Unit: Zoology, Herps. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

DOMNING, Daryl P. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Howard University, College of Medicine. Education: B.S. (1968) Tulane University; M.S. (1970) University of California, Berkeley; Ph.D. (1975) University of California, Berkeley. Research specialties: fossil Sirenia; terrestrial or semiaquatic, quadripedal seacows from the Eocene of Jamaica. Staff sponsor: Robert J. Emry. Science Unit: Paleobiology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

DONNELLY, Maureen. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Florida International University. Education: B.A. (1977) California State University, Fullerton; Ph.D. (1987) University of Miami. Research specialties: amphibians and reptiles. Staff sponsor: W. Ronald Heyer. Science Unit: Zoology, Herps. Appointment term: 22-Apr-04 to 22-Apr-07

DRASS, Denice M. Student. Institutional affiliation: George Washington University. Education: B.S. (1989) Millersville University; M.S. (1992) Florida Institute of Technology; Ph.D. (pending) George Washington University. Research specialties: early life history of the titlefish, Malacanthidar. Staff sponsor: G. David Johnson. Science Unit: Zoology, Fishes. Appointment term: 15-Jan-05 to 14-May-06 .

DUARTE, Marcelo Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil. Education: B.A. (1996) Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; M.S. (1999) Universidade Federal do Parana; Ph.D. (2003) Universidade Federal do Parana. Research specialties: evolution of detritivory in butterflies. Staff sponsor: Robert K. Robbins. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 15-Jan-05 to 14-Nov-07 .

DUTRO, J. Thomas. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: US Geological Survey (retired). Education: B.A. (1948) Oberlin College; M.S. (1950) Yale University; Ph.D. (1953) Yale University. Research specialties: upper Paleozoic brachiopods Staff sponsor: Chair, Paleobiology. Science Unit: Paleobiology. Appointment term: 13-Apr-04 to 13-Apr-07

EDMISTON, James F. Collaborator. Institutional affiliation: None. Novosibirsk, Russia. Education: B.S. (1975) University of Maryland; M.S. (1980) Colegio de Agricultura y Artes Mecanicas, Mayaguez; Ph. D. (1989) Kent State University. Research specialties: natural history and ecology of Diptera. Staff sponsor: Wayne Mathis. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 15-Jan-05 to 14-Nov-07 .

EDWARDS Cody E. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: George Mason Univerisyt Education: B.S. (1995) Angelo State University; M.S. (1997) Angelo State University; Ph.D. (2000) Texas Tech University. Research specialties: molecular systematics of small mammals. Staff sponsor: James G. Mead. Science Unit: Zoology, Mammals. Appointment term: 15-May-05 14-May-08 .

EGGERT, Lori. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: University of Missouri. Washington, DC. Education: Research specialties: Staff sponsor: Robert Fleischer. Science Unit: Genetics Lab. Appointment term: 5-Nov-03 to 4-Nov-06

EMMONS, Louise H. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: None. Washington, DC. Education: B.A. (1965) Sarah Lawrence College; Ph.D. (1975) Cornell University. Research specialties: mammals of tropical forests. Staff sponsor: James G. Mead. Science Unit: Zoology, Mammals. Appointment term: 12-May-04 to 12-May-07

EPSTEIN, Marc E. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: None. Washington, DC. Education: B.S. (1977) Colorado State University; M.S. (1982) University of Minnesota; Ph.D. (1988) University of Minnesota. Research specialties: ground beetles; identification of lepidoptera immatures and adults; economic importance of lepidoptera; higher classification of Zygaenoidea. Staff sponsor: Donald R. Davis. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

ERNST, Carl H. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: George Mason University. Education: B.S. (1960) Millersville University; M.E. (1963) West Chester University; Ph.D. (1969) University of Kentucky. Research specialties: herpetology; taxonomy and ecology of turtles and snakes. Staff sponsor: George R. Zug. Science Unit: Zoology, Herps. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

EVANS, Arthur V. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: None. Richmond, VA. Education: B.S. (1981) California State University; M.S. (1984) California State University, Long Beach; Ph.D. (1988) University of Pretoria, South Africa. Research specialties: systematics, diversity of Sacarab beetles, especially Melolonthinae, insect photography and public education about insects. Staff sponsor: David Furth. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 5-Nov-03 to 4-Nov-06

EVENHUIS, Neal L. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Bishop Museum. Education: B.S. (1974) California State Polytechnic University M.S. (1977) California State Polytechnic University Ph.D. (1988) University of Hawaii, Manoa. Research specialties: Diptera. Staff sponsor: Wayne Mathis. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 12-May-04 to 12-May-07

EWE, Sharon. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Florida International University. None. Fort Pierce, FL. Education: Research specialties: Staff sponsor: Valerie Paul. Science Unit: Marine Station. Appointment term: 15-Sep-03 to 14-Sep-06

FELDER, Darryl L. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: University of Southwestern Louisiana. Education: B.S. (1969) Texas A&I University; M.S. (1971) Texas A&I University; Ph.D. (1975) Louisiana State University. Research specialties: systematics, genetics, biogeography and physioecology of decapod crustaceans; thalassinoids. Staff sponsor: Rafael Lemaitre. Science Unit: Zoology, Inverts. Appointment term: 15-Jan-05 to 14-Nov-07 .

FELDMANN, Rodney M. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Kent State University. Education: B.S. (1961) University of North Dakota; M.S. (1963) University of North Dakota; Ph.D. (1967) University of North Dakota. Research specialties: systematics and invertebrate paleontology of fossil decapod crustaceans; paleoecology and historical zoogeography. Staff sponsor: Rafael Lemaitre. Science Unit: Zoology, Inverts. Appointment term: 15-May-05 14-May-08

FERGUSON, T. J. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: University of Arizona. Education: B.A. (1973) University of Hawaii, Hilo; M.A. (1976) University of Arizona; Ph.D. (1993) University of New Mexico. Research specialties: Southwestern archaeology; Western Pueblo setlement; cultural affiliation and repatriation. Staff sponsor: Gillian Flynn and William itzhugh Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 15-Jan-05 to 14-May-09 .

FERIA, Teresa Patricia. Student. Institutional affiliation: University of Missouri, St. Louis. Education: B.S. (1997) UNAM, Mexico; M.S. (2001) UNAM, Mexico; Ph.D. candidate. University of Missouri, St. Louis. Research specialties: arthropods of the Amazon Basin. Staff sponsor: Terry Erwin. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-05

FERRARIS, Jr., Carl J. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: None. Portland, OR. Education: B.S. (1972) Cornell University; M.S. (1976) Oklahoma State University; Ph.D. (1988) City University of New York. Research specialties: systematics and evolution of South American and Asian catfishes (order Siluriformes). Staff sponsor: Richard P. Vari. Science Unit: Zoology, Fishes. Appointment term: 15-May-05 14-May-08 .

FERRELL, Rebecca Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Georgetown University. Education: B.A. (1996) College of William and Mary; M.A. (1998) Pennsylvania State University; Ph.D. (2003) Pennsylvania State University. Research specialties: dental defects. Staff sponsor: Donald J. Ortner. Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 15-May-05 14-May-08 .

FEUILLET, Christian. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: None. Beltsville, MD. Education: B.S. (1972) University of Rouen; M.S. (1973) University of Science & Technology of Languedoc, Montpellier; Ph.D. (1981) University of Paris. Research specialties: systematics of Passifloraceae and New World Aristolochiaceae, boraginaceae, and Gesneriaceae. Staff sponsor: Laurence E. Skog. Science Unit: Botany. Appointment term: 14-Oct-03 to 13-Oct-06

FIENUP-RIORDAN, Ann. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: None. Anchorage, AK. Education: B.A. (1971) University of Michigan; M.A. (1973) University of Michigan; Ph.D. (1980) University of Chicago. Research specialties: culture change; cultural heritage, museum & historical resources. Staff sponsor: William W. Fitzhugh. Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

FISHER, Rebecca E. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Johns Hopkins University. Education: B.A. (1995) Stanford University; M. Phil. (1998) Yale University; Ph.D. (?) Yale University. Research specialties: human and comparative anatomy. Staff sponsor: James G. Mead. Science Unit: Zoology, Mammals. Appointment term: 3-Aug-04 to 2-Aug-07

FORDYCE, R. Ewan. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: University of Otago. Education: B.S. (1975) University of Canterbury; Ph.D. (1979) University of Canterbury. Research specialties: evolution of whales. Staff sponsor: James G. Mead. Science Unit: Zoology, Mammals. Appointment term:

FORNSHELL John Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Paul VI High School Education: B.S. (1965) Florida State University; M.S. (1967) Florida State University; Ph.D. (1975) Florida State University. Research specialties: intraspecific variation expressed in looking-glass copepod. Staff sponsor: Frank D. Ferrari. Science Unit: Zoology, Inverts. Appointment term: 15-May-05 14-May-08 .

FORSYTH, Adrian B. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Moore Foundation Education: B.S. (1974) Queen's University; Ph.D. (1978) Harvard University. Research specialties: dung beetles. Staff sponsor: Ted Schultz. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 15-May-05 14-May-08 .

FOSTER, Mercedes S. Adjunct Scientist. Institutional affiliation: USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center. Education: A.B. (1963) University of California-Berkeley; M.A. (1965) University of California-Berkeley; Ph.D. (1974) University of South Florida. Research specialties: birds, social behavior, tropical ecology. Staff sponsor: Chair, Zoology. Science Unit: Zoology, Birds. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-09

FOWLER Catherine S. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: University of Nevada, Reno. Education: B.A. (1962) University of Utah; M.A. (1966) University of Pittsburgh; Ph.D. (1972) University of Pittsburgh. Research specialties: Uto-Aztecan cosmology. Staff sponsor: William L. Merrill. Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 14-Apr-04 to 14-Apr-07

FRAGOSO, Silvia Santiago. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Instituto de Biologia, Mexico. Education: B.S. (1969) Facultad de Ciencias, Mexico; M.S. (1975) Facultad de Ciencias; Ph.D. (1984) Facultad de Ciencias, Mexico. Research specialties: insect systematics, biological diversity and aquatic systems, particularly Elmidae and other tropical Coleoptera. Staff sponsor: David Furth. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 31-Aug-04 to 30-Aug-07

FREIDBERG, Amnon. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Tel Aviv University. Education: B.S. (1969) Tel Aviv University; M.S. (1971) Tel Aviv University. Ph.D. (1979) Tel Aviv University. Research specialties: systematics and behavior of fruit flies. Staff sponsor: Wayne Mathis. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 1-Jun-04 to 1-Jun-07

FRENCH, Bevan. Adjunct Scientist. Institutional affiliation: None. Education: Research specialties: lunar samples returned through Apollo moon exploration. Staff sponsor: Scott Wing. Science Unit: Paleobiology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

FRISON, George C. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: University of Wyoming. Education: Research specialties: Staff sponsor: Dennis Stanford. Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 31-Dec-02 to 1-Jan-06

FRITTS, Thomas H. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: US Geological Survey. Education: A.B. (1967) Universoty of Illinois; M.S. (1968) University of Illinois; Ph.D. (1972) University of Kansas. Research specialties: biology and evolution of large poikilotherms such as giant tortoises, marine turtles, and crocodilians; management of introduced species and the effects of exotics on native species and ecsystems in which they live; brown tree snake. Staff sponsor: George R. Zug. Science Unit: Zoology, Herps. Appointment term: 15-May-05 14-May-08 .

GAGNE, Raymond G. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, retired. Education: B.A. (1961) University of Connecticut; M.S. (1963) Iowa State University; Ph.D. (1967) University of Minnesota. . Research specialties: systematics of gall midges (Cecidomyiidae). Staff sponsor: Chair, Entomology. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

GAIMARI, Stephen D. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: California Department of Food and Agriculture. Education: Research specialties: Staff sponsor: Wayne Mathis. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 5-Nov-03 to 4-Nov-06

GARCIA, Patricia F. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Escuela Nacional de Antropologia y Historia. Education: M.A. (1989) University of Arizona; Ph.D. (1995) Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. Research specialties: ethnoarchaeology; ceramics Staff sponsor: Ronald L. Bishop. Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 18-Mar-04 to 18-Mar-07

GARDNER, Alfred L. Adjunct Scientist. Institutional affiliation: USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center. Education: B.S. (1962) University of Arizona; M.S. (1965) University of Arizona; Ph.D. (1970) Louisiana State University. Research specialties: systematics, conservation, and ecology of North American and neotropical mammals, especially marsupials (Didelphidae), bats (Phyllostomidae), and rodents (Cricetidae). Staff sponsor: Chair, Zoology. Science Unit: Zoology, Mammals. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-09

GASTALDO, Robert A. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Colby College. Education: B.A. (1972) Gettysburg College; M.S. (1975) Southern Illinois University; Ph.D. (1978) Southern Illinois University. Research specialties: dynamics of vegetation during the Paleozoic ice age. Staff sponsor: William A. DiMichele. Science Unit: Paleobiology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

GATES, Michael W. Adjunct Scientist. Institutional affiliation: Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. Education: B.A. (?) Hendrix College; M.S. Oklahoma State University; Ph.D. (?) University of California, Riverside. Research specialties: taxonomy and systematics of Chalcidoidea, particularly Eurytomidae, Eulophidae and Chalcididae; evolution. Hymenoptera associated with epiphytic plants and their phytophages. Staff sponsor: Chair, Entomology. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-09

GATES, Michael. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: None. Washington, DC. Education: Research specialties: Staff sponsor: Scott Miller. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 6-Jan-03 to 5-Jan-06

GERO, Joan Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: American University. Education: B.A. (1966) University of Pennsylvania; M.A. (1977) University of Massachusette; Ph.D. (1983) University of Massachusette. Research specialties: highland cultures of Southe American; global archaeology; Andean prehistory; gender archaeology; socio-politics of knowledge. Staff sponsor: William W. Fitzhugh. Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

GILMORE, Richard Grant. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Estuarine, Coastal and Ocean Science, Inc. Education: B.S. (1969) University of West Florida; M.S. (1972) University of West Florida; Ph.D. (1988) Florida Institute of Technology. Research specialties: marine and estuarine fish ecology, systematics, evolution and behavior. Staff sponsor: Valerie Paul. Science Unit: Marine Station. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

GLEW, Christopher Patrick. Student. Institutional affiliation: University of Michigan. Education: B.A. (1996) Harvard University; M.A. (1998) University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Research specialties: Mesoamerican archaeology. Staff sponsor: Bruce D. Smith. Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-05

GOLDBERG, Aaron. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: None. USDA, retired. Education: B.A. (1939) Brooklyn College; M.S. (1954) DePaul University; Ph.D. (1962) George Washington University. Research specialties: plant identifications; high level taxonomy. Staff sponsor: Deborah A. Bell. Science Unit: Botany. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

GORDON, Robert D. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: USDA, retired. Education: Research specialties: Staff sponsor: Chair, Entomology. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

GRIER, Harry J. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Florida Fish and Wildlife Research Institute Education: B.A. (1964) Queens College; M.A. (1968) University of North Carolina; Ph.D. (1973) University of South Florida. Research specialties: histology, comparative morphology of chordate testis. Staff sponsor: Lynne R. Parenti. Science Unit: Zoology, Fishes. Appointment term: 15-May-05 14-May-08 .

GRISSELL, E. Eric. Adjunct Scientist. Institutional affiliation: Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. Education: B.A. (1967) University of California, Davis; M.S. (1969) University of California, Davis; Ph.D. (1973) University of California, Davis. Research specialties: systematics of Chalcidoidea; ethology of Aculeate Hymenoptera. Staff sponsor: Chair, Entomology. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-09

GRYGIER, Mark J. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Lake Biwa Museum. Education: B.S. (1978) College of William and Mary; Ph.D. (1984) University of California San Diego (Scripps). Research specialties: taxonomy and phylogeny of barnacle and barnacle-like crustaceans; facetotecans (larval crustaceans whose adults are unknown to science); taxonomy of monstrilloid copepods. Staff sponsor: Frank D. Ferrari. Science Unit: Zoology, Inverts. Appointment term: 4-Feb-03 to 3-Feb-06

GUALA, Gerald F. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: National Science Foundation. Education: B.S. (1988) Michigan State University; M.S. (1992) University of Florida; Ph.D. (1998) University of Florida. Research specialties: bamboo systematics; cladistics; GIS analysis. Staff sponsor: Paul M. Peterson. Science Unit: Botany. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

GUTIERREZ, Alexis. Collaborator. Institutional affiliation: National Marine Fisheries Service. Education: B.A. (2003) Krieger School of Arts & Science; M.A. (2004) Johns Hopkins University. Research specialties: non-destructive ornamental fishery in Southeast Asia. Staff sponsor: Lynne R. Parenti. Science Unit: Zoology, Fishes. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-05

HAGEDORN, Mary. Adjunct Scientist. Institutional affiliation: None. Education: B.A. (1975) Jackson College; M.S. (1976) Tufts University; Ph.D. (1983) Scripps Institution of Oceanography. Research specialties: cryopreservation methods for fish embryos; coral embryos and larvae. Staff sponsor: Valerie Paul. Science Unit: Marine Station. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

HALLENDY, Norman E. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Carp, Ontario, Canada. Education: Research specialties: Canadian artic, semalithic figures in Artic, canadian archaeology. Staff sponsor: William W. Fitzhugh. Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 5-Mar-03 to 4-Mar-06

HALLWACHS, Winifred. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: University of Pennsylvania; Area de conservacion Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Education: B.A. (1976) Princeton University; Ph.D. (1994) Cornell University. Research specialties: insects of the Area de Conservacion de Guanacaste; moths of Costa Rica. Staff sponsor: Scott Miller. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 2-Mar-04 to 2-Mar-07

HARGRAVES, Paul E. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: University of Rhode Island. Education: B.S. (1963) University of Rhode Island; M.S. (1965) University of Rhode Island; Ph.D. (1968) College of William & Mary. Research specialties: marine microalgae, particularly diatoms; harmful algal blooms; nontraditional biomedical uses for toxic organisms. Staff sponsor: Valerie Paul. Science Unit: Marine Station. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

HARRINGTON, Guy J. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: University of Birmingham. Education: B.S. (1994) University of Keele; M. Phil. (1996) Wolfson College; Ph.D. (1999) University of Sheffield. Research specialties: paleoecology; paleoclimatology; Cenezoic pollen and spores. Staff sponsor: Scott Wing. Science Unit: Paleobiology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

HASTRITER, Michael W. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Brigham Young University. Education: B.S. (1971) Brigham Young University; M.S. (1973) Brigham Young University. Research specialties: systematics of fleas of Papua New Guinea; flea genera. Staff sponsor: Nancy E. Adams. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 1-Jun-04 to 1-Jun-07

HAWKS, Catharine A. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: George Washington University. Education: B.A. (1967) State University of New York, Albany; M.S. (1989) George Washington University. Research specialties: conservation methods; methods to mitigate mercuric chloride vapor concentrations. Staff sponsor: Debbie A. Bell Science Unit: Botany. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

HEAD, Jason J. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: None. Education: B.S. (1995) University of Michigan; M.S. (1997) Southern Methodist University; Ph.D. (2002) Southern Methodist University. Research specialties: paleoecology of the Siwalik sequence of fossiliferous deposits in Pakistan. Staff sponsor: Anna K. Behrensmeyer. Science Unit: Paleobiology. Appointment term: 6-Sep-05 14-May-08 .

HEANEY, Peter J. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Pennsylvania State University. Education: A.B. (1984) Harvard College; M.A. (1988) Johns Hopkins University; Ph.D. (1989) Johns Hopkins University. Research specialties: crystal structure analysis of minerals; environmental geochemistry; inorganic colloid chemistry in aqueous fluids; phase transitions in rock-forming minerals. Staff sponsor: James Luhr. Science Unit: Mineral Sciences. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-05

HEARD, Richard W. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: None. Ocean Springs, MD. Education: B.S. (1962) University of Georgia; M.S. (1968) University of Georgia; Ph.D. (1976) University of Georgia. Research specialties: systematics of brachyuran crabs, alpheid shrimps, stomatopods, tanaids, isopods, mysids,and cumaceans. Staff sponsor: Rafael Lemaitre. Science Unit: Zoology, Inverts. Appointment term: 17-Jun-02 to 16-Jun-05

HEDGES, Stephen Blair. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Pennsylvania State University. Education: B.S. (1981) George Mason University; M.S. (1984) University of Maryland, College Park; Ph.D. (1988) University of Maryland, College Park. Research specialties: West Indian amphibians and reptiles. Staff sponsor: George R. Zug. Science Unit: Zoology, Herps. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

HEILMAN, Lawrence C. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Montgomery College. Education: B.A. (1957) University of Florida, Gainesville; M.A. (1959) University of California, Berkeley; Ph.D. (1980) American University. Research specialties: history of development in Bolivia: pre-history to current period. Staff sponsor: Betty Meggers. Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 15-Jan-05 to 14-Nov-07 .

HENNING, Dale R. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Santa Fe, New Mexico. Education: B.A. (1953) Luther College; M.A. (1960) University of Iowa; Ph.D. (1969) University of Wisconsin, Madison. Research specialties: late prehistoric & early historic cultures. Staff sponsor: Eric Hollinger. Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 3-Mar-03 to 2-Mar-06

HENRY, Thomas J. Adjunct Scientist. Institutional affiliation: Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. Education: B.A. (1993) Oxford University; M.A. (1993) Oxford University; Ph.D. (1999) University of Florida. Research specialties: evolution, systematics, phylogenetics, biogeography, ecology and conservation of butterflies, particularly those from the Neotropics and those belonging to the family Riodinidae. Staff sponsor: Chair, Entomology. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-09

HERENDEEN, Patrick. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: George Washington University. Education: B.S. (1982) California State University; M.S. (1985) Michigan State University; Ph.D. (1990) Indiana University. Research specialties: systematic relationships of caesalpinioid legumes; angiosperm wood evolution; paleofloristic studies. Staff sponsor: W. John Kress. Science Unit: Botany. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

HERNANDEZ, Luz Patricia. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: George Washington University. Education: B.S. (1987) Eckerd College; M.S. (1994) University of South Florida; Ph.D. (1999) Harvard University. Research specialties: comparative morphology, functional anatomy, and life history of fishes. Staff sponsor: Lynne R. Parenti. Science Unit: Zoology, Fishes. Appointment term: 16-Jun-03 to 16-Jun-06

HEYER, Miriam H. Collaborator. Institutional affiliation: None. Education: B.A. (1964) Pacific Lutheran University; M.A. (1973) Pacific Lutheran University; Ph.D. (1982) Catholic University. Research specialties: amphibians and reptiles. Staff sponsor: W. Ronald Heyer Science Unit: Zoology, Herps. Appointment term: 15-May-05 14-May-08 .

HEYNING, John E. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County. Education: B.S. (1980) California State University; M.A. (1985) University of California, Los Angeles; Ph.D. (1986) University of California, Los Angeles. Research specialties: marine mammals. Staff sponsor: James G. Mead. Science Unit: Zoology, Mammals. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

HICKEY, Leo J. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Yale University. Education: B.S. (1962) Villanova University; M.A. (1964) Princeton University; Ph.D. (1967) Princeton University. Research specialties: fossil record of flowering plants. Staff sponsor: Scott Wing. Science Unit: Paleobiology. Appointment term: 22-Apr-04 to 22-Apr-07

HIGHTON, Richard. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: University of Maryland. Education: B.A. (1950) New York University; M.S. (1953) University of Florida; Ph.D. (1956) University of Florida. Research specialties: systematics, molecular evolution, and evolutionary biology and amphibians and reptiles, especially plethodontid salamanders. Staff sponsor: Kevin de Queiroz. Science Unit: Zoology, Herps. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

HOCHBERG Rick Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: University of Massachusetts, Lowell. Education: B.S. (1993) Humboldt State University; M.A. (1998) Hunboldt State University; Ph.D. (2002) University of New Hampshire. Research specialties: biodiversity of poorly known animal groups. Staff sponsor: Valerie Paul. Science Unit: Marine Station. Appointment term: 15-May-05 14-May-08 .

HODGES, Ronald W. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, retired. Education: B.S. (1956) Michigan State University; M.S. (1957) Michigan State University; Ph.D. (1961) Cornell University. Research specialties: systematics of Gelechioidea (Lepidoptera), particularly higher classification of superfamily, Cosmopterigidae, Oecophoridae (s.l.), and Gelechiidae. Emphasis is on North American fauna for species' level studies. Staff sponsor: Chair, Entomology. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

HOLSINGER, John R. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Old Dominion University. Education: B.S. (1955) Virginia Tech; M.S. (1966) James Madison University; Ph.D. (1966) University of Kentucky. Research specialties: systematics, ecology, and evolution of North American subterranean amphipod crustaceans. Staff sponsor: Rafael Lemaitre. Science Unit: Zoology, Inverts. Appointment term: 15-May-05 14-May-08 .

HONEYCHURCH, William H. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Smithsonian Institution (postdoctoral fellow). Education: B.A. (1989) University of California, Berkeley; M.A. (1998) University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Ph.D. (2004) University of Michigan. Research specialties: archaeology of the Egiin Gol region of northern Mongolia. Staff sponsor: William W. Fitzhugh. Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 12-May-04 to 12-May-07

HORSLEY, Jaren Glen. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Trinity University. Education: B.A. (1961) San Francisco State College; M.A. (1966) San Francisco State College; Ph.D. (1990) George Washington University. Research specialties: ostracoda crustaceans. Staff sponsor: Louis Kornicker. Science Unit: Zoology, Inverts. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

HOWE, Marshall A. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center. Education: B.S. (1966) Alfred University; Ph.D. (1972) University of Minnesota. Research specialties: birds. Staff sponsor: Chair, Zoology. Science Unit: Zoology, Birds. Appointment term: 15-Jan-05 to 14-Nov-09 .

HOWELL, Judd Alan. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center. Education: B.S. (1974) Montana State University; M.S. (1976) Arizona State University; Ph.D. University of California, Berkeley. Research specialties: small mammal communities on the Channel Islands off the coast of California. Staff sponsor: Chair, Zoology. Science Unit: Zoology, Mammals. Appointment term: 15-Jan-05 to 14-Nov-09 .

HOTTON, Carol L. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: National Institutes of Health. Education: B.S. (1975) University of Michigan; M.S. (1982) University of California; Ph.D. (1988) University of California. Research specialties: early land plants; Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction; fossil angiosperm pollen. Staff sponsor: Scott Wing. Science Unit: Paleobiology. Appointment term: 15-Nov-04 to 14-Nov-07

HUGHES, Nigel. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: University of California. Education: Research specialties: Staff sponsor: Douglas Erwin. Science Unit: Paleobiology. Appointment term: 20-Jun-03 to 19-Jun-06

HUNAG, Yiau-Min. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: None. Education: B.S. (1959) Taiwan Provincial Chung-Hsing University M.S. (1963) University of Wisconsin, Madison Ph.D. (1967) University of Wisconsin, Madison. Research specialties: systematics of mosquitoes; Aedes (Stegomyia) of the world. Staff sponsor: Wayne Mathis. Science Unit: Entomology. Appointment term: 1-Jun-04 to 1-Jun-07

HUNTER, Andrea Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Northern Arizona University. Education: B.A. (1982) University of Colorado, Boulder; M.A. (1985) University of Missouri, Columbia; Ph.D. (1992) University of Missouri, Columbia. Research specialties: protohistoric Osage society; paleoethnobotany. Staff sponsor: Gillian Flynn and William itzhugh Science Unit: Anthropology. Appointment term: 15-Jan-05 to 14-May-09 .

HUSSAIN, S. Taseer. Research Associate. Institutional affiliation: Howard University. Education: B.S. (1963) University of the Punjab; M.S. (1965) University of the Punjab; Ph.D. (1969) State University of Utrecht. Research specialties: evolution of mammals; Tertiary land mammals from Pakistan; fossil horses. Staff sponsor: Robert Emry. Science Unit: Paleobiology. Appointment term: