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PUBLISHED DATASET #1:   Behrensmeyer, A.K., N. E. Todd, R. Potts and G. McBrinn, 1977.  Late Pliocene Faunal Turnover in the Turkana Basin of Kenya and Ethiopia.  Science 278:1589-1594.

PUBLISHED DATASET #2:   Bobe, R., G.G. Eck, 2001.  Responses of African Bovids to Pliocene Climatic Change.  Paleobiology Memoirs  Vol. 27, Supp. No. 2, 1-47.

 

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PUBLISHED DATASET #1:

These tables go with the research paper:

Behrensmeyer, A.K., N. E. Todd, R. Potts and G. McBrinn, 1977.  Late Pliocene Faunal Turnover in the Turkana Basin of Kenya and Ethiopia.  Science 278:1589-1594.

Tables are © 1997, American Association for the Advancement of Science

Table 1: Species List and Range Data for the Minimizing Approach. These data were used in constructing the minimizing range chart (Figure 3) and the turnover graph.

Order Family Genus and Species MinAge MaxAge #Spec. #Loc. Region.
Artiodactyla Bovidae Aepyceros melampus 0.70 2.52 123 39 ET,WT
Artiodactyla Bovidae Aepyceros shungurae 1.88 4.10 96 32 ET,WT, Omo
Artiodactyla Bovidae Antidorcas recki 1.39 3.36 84 55 ET, WT, Omo
Artiodactyla Bovidae Beatragus antiquus 1.39 2.33 * 12 9 ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Bovidae Connochaetes gentryi 1.33 3.50 90 23 ET, WT
Artiodactyla Bovidae Damaliscus eppsi 1.39 2.0* 66 24 ET, WT
Artiodactyla Bovidae Damaliscus sp. 1.33 3.36 81 9 ET, WT
Artiodactyla Bovidae Gazella janenschi 1.33 4.10 20 12 WT, ET
Artiodactyla Bovidae Gazella praethomsoni 0.74 3.50 56 32 WT, ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Bovidae Hippotragus gigas 1.60 3.36 7 7 WT, ET
Artiodactyla Bovidae Kobus ancystrocera 1.64 3.36 73 32 ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Bovidae Kobus kob 1.33 3.50 93 41 ET, WT, Omo
Artiodactyla Bovidae Kobus cf. leche 0.70 2.0 * 18 13 ET, WT
Artiodactyla Bovidae Kobus ellipsiprymnus 0.70 2.33 8 10 WT, ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Bovidae Kobus oricornus 2.35 4.10 62 22 WT, Omo, ET
Artiodactyla Bovidae Kobus sigmoidalis 1.33 4.10 255 70 WT, ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Bovidae Megalotragus sp. 0.70 3.50 103 38 ET, WT, Omo
Artiodactyla Bovidae Menelikia leakeyi 2.37 4.10 25 11 ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Bovidae Menelikia lyrocera 1.33 3.36 162 52 WT, ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Bovidae Oryx sp. 1.64 2.85 15 11 ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Bovidae Parmularius altidens 1.64 2.33 4 4 Omo, ET
Artiodactyla Bovidae Pelorovis sp. 0.74 3.36 103 63 ET, WT, Omo
Artiodactyla Bovidae Syncerus sp. 0.70 3.36 38 25 WT, Omo
Artiodactyla Bovidae Tragelaphus nakuae 1.88 4.10 161 80 WT, ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Bovidae Tragelaphus strepsiceros 0.01 2.35 * 138 42 WT, ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Camelidae Camelus sp. 1.64 3.36 15 11 WT, ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Giraffidae Giraffa sp. 0.70 4.35 172 91 ET, WT
Artiodactyla Giraffidae Sivatherium maurusium 1.33 4.10 50 28 WT, ET
Artiodactyla Hippopotamidae Hexaprotodon karumensis 0.10 2.0 * 110 34 WT, ET
Artiodactyla Hippopotamidae Hexaprotodon protoamphibius 1.88 4.35 132 53 WT, ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Hippopotamidae Hexaprotodon aethiopicus 0.70 2.0 * 53 20 ET, WT
Artiodactyla Hippopotamidae Hippopotamus cf. amphibius 0.70 2.33 28 9 Omo, WT
Artiodactyla Hippopotamidae Hippopotamus gorgops 0.70 3.36 45 30 WT, ET
Artiodactyla Suidae Kolpochoerus limnetes 0.70 3.36 693 142 WT, ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Suidae Metridiochoerus andrewsi 1.39 3.36 449 107 WT, ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Suidae Metridiochoerus compactus 0.70 2.35 96 32 WT, ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Suidae Metridiochoerus hopwoodi 0.70 2.52* 36 30 WT, ET
Artiodactyla Suidae Metridiochoerus modestus 0.70 2.52 * 22 12 WT, ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Suidae Notochoerus euilus 1.88 4.35 176 43 WT, ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Suidae Notochoerus scotti 1.60 3.36 207 74 WT, ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Suidae Nyanzachoerus kanamensis 2.52 4.35 20 15 WT, ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Suidae Potamochoerus sp. 1.60 4.35 8 5 ET, WT
Carnivora Mustelidae Mungos sp. 2.52 3.36 3 2 WT, Omo
Insectivora Soricidae Crocidura aithiops 2.33 4.35 4 3 ET, Omo
Insectivora Soricidae Crocidura cf. dolichura 1.64 3.36 3 2 ET, Omo
Perissodactyla Equidae Equus cf. grevyi 0.10 1.64 20 10 Omo, ET
Perissodactyla Equidae Equus sp. 0.00 2.68 172 121 WT, ET, Omo
Perissodactyla Equidae Eurygnathohippus cornelianus 1.60 2.0 * 3 2 WT, ET
Perissodactyla Equidae Eurygnathohippus ethiopicus 0.74 3.50 177 74 WT, ET, Omo
Perissodactyla Equidae Eurygnathohippus hasumense 1.88 4.35 58 18 ET, Omo
Perissodactyla Rhinocerotidae Ceratotherium simum 0.70 3.40 108 55 WT, ET, Omo
Perissodactyla Rhinocerotidae Diceros bicornis 0.70 3.40 52 35 WT, ET, Omo
Primates Cercopithecidae Paracolobus mutiwa 1.88 3.36 53 37 WT, ET, Omo
Primates Cercopithecidae Rhinocolobus turkanaensis 1.88 3.40 66 42 ET, Omo
Primates Cercopithecidae Theropithecus brumpti 1.88 3.36 179 77 WT, Omo
Primates Cercopithecidae Theropithecus oswaldi 0.70 2.85 37 30 WT, Omo
Primates Hominidae Australopithecus boisei 1.39 2.60 108 45 WT, ET, Omo
Primates Hominidae Australopithecus sp. (non-robust) 1.88 3.36 57 24 ET, Omo
Primates Hominidae Homo habilis 1.64 2.37 * 17 14 ET, Omo
Primates Hominidae Homo erectus 1.33 1.90 16 17 WT, ET, Omo
Primates Hominidae Homo sp. 1.39 2.37 * 9 17 ET, Omo
Proboscidea Deinotheriidae Deinotherium bozasi 1.33 4.10 50 30 WT, ET
Proboscidea Elephantidae Elephas recki 0.70 3.50 687 173 ET, WT, Omo
Proboscidea Elephantidae Loxodonta adaurora 1.88 4.35 19 10 WT, ET, Omo
Proboscidea Elephantidae Loxodonta exoptata 2.52 3.40 5 2 WT, Omo
Rodentia Dipodidae Jaculus orientalis 1.39 2.36 9 4 ET, Omo
Rodentia Hystricidae Hystrix sp. 1.39 1.88 2 4 ET, WT
Rodentia Muridae Aethomys sp. 1.39 2.36 30 5 ET, Omo
Rodentia Muridae Arvicanthis sp. 1.64 3.36 3 3 ET, Omo
Rodentia Muridae Mastomys sp. 1.88 4.35 120 7 ET, Omo
Rodentia Muridae Mus sp. 1.64 3.36 6 2 ET, Omo
Rodentia Muridae Tatera sp. 1.39 4.35 25 9 ET, Omo
Rodentia Muridae Thallomys quadrilobatus 1.64 2.34 16 4 ET, Omo
Rodentia Thryonomyidae Thryonomys sp. 1.39 3.36 6 7 ET, Omo
(Figure 4B). The MaxAge dates (*) indicate which taxa would be affected by the alternative date of 2.52 Ma. for the upper Burgi fauna at East Turkana. #Specimens is a minimum estimate; #Loc. exceeds #Spec. in a few cases where the record of the number(s) of specimens is incomplete.

Table 2: Species List and Range Data for the Maximizing Approach.

These data were used to generate a maximizing-approach range chart and the turnover graph (Figure 4C). The MaxAge dates (*) show which taxa would be affected by the alternative maximum date of 2.52 My for the upper Burgi fauna at East Turkana. # Specimens is a minimum estimate; #Loc. exceeds #Spec. in a few cases where the record of the number(s) of specimens is incomplete.

Order Family Genus and Species MinAge MaxAge #Spec. #Loc. Region.
Artiodactyla Bovidae Aepyceros melampus 0.7 2.52 123 39 ET,WT
Artiodactyla Bovidae Aepyceros shungurae 1.88 4.1 98 32 ET,WT, Omo
Artiodactyla Bovidae Aepyceros sp. 1.12 4.1 22 11 ET, WT, Omo
Artiodactyla Bovidae Antidorcas recki 1.39 3.36 105 55 ET, WT, Omo
Artiodactyla Bovidae Beatragus antiquus 1.39 2.0 * 12 9 ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Bovidae indet. sp. Caprini sp. A-WT 0.7 2.52 2 2 WT
Artiodactyla Bovidae indet. sp. Caprini sp. B-WT 1.33 1.6 2 2 WT
Artiodactyla Bovidae indet. sp. Caprini sp. C-WT 0.7 3.36 2 2 WT
Artiodactyla Bovidae Cephalophus sp. 1.64 2.68 1 2 ET
Artiodactyla Bovidae Connochaetes gentryi 1.33 2.0 * 72 20 ET, WT
Artiodactyla Bovidae Connochaetes cf. gentryi 2.68 3.5 12 3 ET
Artiodactyla Bovidae Damaliscus eppsi 1.39 2.0 * 66 24 ET, WT
Artiodactyla Bovidae Damaliscus cf. niro 1.64 1.88 3 3 ET
Artiodactyla Bovidae Damaliscus sp. 1.33 3.36 11 9 ET, WT
Artiodactyla Bovidae Gazella cf. granti 2.52 4.1 3 2 WT
Artiodactyla Bovidae Gazella janenschi 1.33 4.1 14 12 WT, ET
Artiodactyla Bovidae Gazella praethomsoni 0.74 3.5 55 32 WT, ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Bovidae Hippotragus gigas 1.6 3.36 7 7 WT, ET
Artiodactyla Bovidae Kobus ancystrocera 1.64 3.36 72 32 ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Bovidae Kobus kob 1.39 3.36 97 33 ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Bovidae Kobus cf. kob 1.33 3.5 8 8 WT, ET
Artiodactyla Bovidae Kobus cf. leche 1.39 2.0 * 17 12 ET
Artiodactyla Bovidae Kobus ellipsiprymnus 0.7 2.33 12 10 WT, ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Bovidae Kobus oricornus 2.35 4.35 63 22 WT, Omo, ET
Artiodactyla Bovidae Kobus sigmoidalis 1.33 4.1 257 70 WT, ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Bovidae Kobus sp. D-WT 2.35 3.36 2 2 WT
Artiodactyla Bovidae Megalotragus isaaci 1.39 2.52 79 27 ET
Artiodactyla Bovidae Megalotragus cf. kattwinkeli 1.88 2.0 * 7 6 Omo
Artiodactyla Bovidae cf. Megalotragus sp. 0.7 3.36 19 14 WT
Artiodactyla Bovidae Menelikia leakeyi 2.37 4.1 25 11 ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Bovidae Menelikia lyrocera 1.33 3.36 161 52 WT, ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Bovidae Menelikia cf. lyrocera 2.68 3.36 2 2 ET
Artiodactyla Bovidae Oryx sp. 1.64 2.85 15 11 ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Bovidae Parmularius altidens 1.64 2.33 4 4 Omo, ET
Artiodactyla Bovidae Parmularius cf. angusticornis 1.64 3.5 2 3 ET
Artiodactyla Bovidae Pelorovis oldowayensis 1.39 2.0 * 19 13 ET
Artiodactyla Bovidae Pelorovis turkanensis 0.74 2.0 * 66 26 ET
Artiodactyla Bovidae Pelorovis sp. 1.33 3.36 16 22 WT, Omo
Artiodactyla Bovidae Raphicerus sp. 1.64 2.0 * 1 4 ET
Artiodactyla Bovidae Redunca sp. 1.12 3.36 10 10 Omo
Artiodactyla Bovidae Simatherium cf. kohllarseni 2.68 3.5 22 9 ET
Artiodactyla Bovidae Syncerus acoelotus 1.65 2.85 2 2 Omo
Artiodactyla Bovidae Syncerus cf. acoelotus 1.12 3.36 32 21 Omo
Artiodactyla Bovidae Syncerus cf. caffer 0.7 1.33 2 2 WT
Artiodactyla Bovidae Tragelaphus gaudryi 1.65 3.4 55 31 Omo
Artiodactyla Bovidae Tragelaphus kyaloae 3.36 4.35 3 3 ET
Artiodactyla Bovidae Tragelaphus nakuae 1.88 4.1 158 80 WT, ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Bovidae Tragelaphus scriptus 0.7 3.36 3 3 WT
Artiodactyla Bovidae Tragelaphus strepsiceros 0.01 2.35 * 138 42 WT, ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Bovidae Ugandax sp. nov. WT 1.88 3.36 11 7 WT
Artiodactyla Camelidae Camelus sp. 1.64 3.36 15 11 WT, ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Giraffidae Giraffa pygmaea 1.39 4.35 39 22 ET
Artiodactyla Giraffidae Giraffa stillei 1.39 3.5 28 22 ET
Artiodactyla Giraffidae Giraffa sp. 0.7 3.36 75 40 ET, WT
Artiodactyla Giraffidae Sivatherium maurusium 1.33 4.1 50 28 WT, ET
Artiodactyla Hippopotamidae Hexaprotodon karumensis 0.1 2.0* 110 34 WT, ET
Artiodactyla Hippopotamidae Hexaprotodon protoamphibius 1.88 4.35 127 53 Omo, WT, ET
Artiodactyla Hippopotamidae Hexaprotodon aethiopicus 0.7 2.0* 53 20 ET, WT
Artiodactyla Hippopotamidae Hippopotamus cf. amphibius 0.7 2.33 28 9 Omo, WT
Artiodactyla Hippopotamidae Hippopotamus gorgops 0.7 3.36 45 30 WT, ET
Artiodactyla Hippopotamidae Hippopotamus cf. kaisensis 3.36 4.1 7 3 WT
Artiodactyla Hippopotamidae Hippopotamus sp. A-Omo 2.32 2.85 2 3 Omo
Artiodactyla Hippopotamidae Hippopotamus sp. B-Omo 1.88 2.85 16 10 Omo
Artiodactyla Suidae Kolpochoerus afarensis 1.88 3.36 19 7 Omo
Artiodactyla Suidae Kolpochoerus limnetes 0.7 3.36 810 142 WT, ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Suidae Kolpochoerus majus 0.7 2.52 3 2 WT
Artiodactyla Suidae Metridiochoerus andrewsi 1.39 3.36 473 107 WT, ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Suidae Metridiochoerus compactus 0.7 2.35 99 32 WT, ET
Artiodactyla Suidae Metridiochoerus hopwoodi 0.7 2.35 * 36 30 WT, ET
Artiodactyla Suidae Metridiochoerus modestus 0.7 2.33* 22 12 WT, ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Suidae Notochoerus euilus 1.88 4.35 257 43 WT, ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Suidae Notochoerus scotti 1.6 3.36 240 74 WT, ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Suidae Nyanzachoerus kanamensis 2.52 4.35 22 15 WT, ET, Omo
Artiodactyla Suidae Potamochoerus porcus 2.68 4.35 4 3 ET
Artiodactyla Suidae Potamochoerus sp. 1.6 3.36 4 2 WT
Carnivora Canidae Canis cf. mesomelas 1.33 2.35 2 3 WT
Carnivora Felidae Homotherium problematicus 1.6 3.36 3 3 WT
Carnivora Hyaenidae Crocuta crocuta 0.7 2.35 2 2 WT
Carnivora Hyaenidae Crocuta sp. nov. WT 2.52 3.36 5 3 WT
Carnivora Hyaenidae Hyaena hyaena 1.6 3.36 4 4 WT
Carnivora Mustelidae Mungos sp. 2.52 3.36 3 2 WT, Omo
Carnivora Viverridae Helogale hirtula 1.88 2.36 6 3 Omo
Carnivora Viverridae Helogale kitafe 2.52 3.36 21 2 Omo
Chiroptera Emballonuridae Taphozous abitus 2.33 3.36 2 2 Omo
Hyracoidea Procaviidae Gigantohyrax maguirei 2.52 3.36 2 2 Omo
Insectivora Soricidae Crocidura aithiops 2.33 4.35 4 3 ET, Omo
Insectivora Soricidae Crocidura cf. dolichura 1.64 3.36 3 2 ET, Omo
Lagomorpha Leporidae Lepus capensis 1.88 2.37 6 5 Omo
Perissodactyla Chalicotheriidae Ancylotherium hennigi 1.88 2.85 6 5 Omo
Perissodactyla Equidae Equus cf. grevyi 0.1 1.64 20 10 Omo, ET
Perissodactyla Equidae Equus koobiforensis 0.1 2.0 * 53 19 ET
Perissodactyla Equidae Equus cf. tabeti 1.39 1.88 7 4 ET
Perissodactyla Equidae Equus oldowayensis 1.12 2.33 53 28 Omo
Perissodactyla Equidae Equus sp. 0.7 2.68 62 67 WT, ET, Omo
Perissodactyla Equidae Eurygnathohippus cornelianus 1.6 2.0 * 3 2 WT, ET
Perissodactyla Equidae Eurygnathohippus ethiopicus 0.74 3.5 177 74 WT, ET, Omo
Perissodactyla Equidae Eurygnathohippus sitifense 1.88 2.95 21 14 Omo
Perissodactyla Equidae Eurygnathohippus hasumense 1.88 4.35 58 18 ET, WT
Perissodactyla Equidae Hipparion sp. A-E.Turkana 0.74 3.36 2 2 ET
Perissodactyla Equidae Hipparion sp. B-E.Turkana 1.64 2.0 * 1 9 ET
Perissodactyla Rhinocerotidae Ceratotherium praecox 2.68 4.35 5 2 ET
Perissodactyla Rhinocerotidae Ceratotherium simum 0.7 3.4 108 55 WT, ET, Omo
Perissodactyla Rhinocerotidae Diceros bicornis 0.7 3.4 52 35 WT, ET, Omo
Primates Cercopithecidae Cercopithecoides kimeui 1.64 3.5 7 8 ET
Primates Cercopithecidae Cercopithecoides williamsi 1.88 2.0 * 8 5 ET
Primates Cercopithecidae Cercopithecus sp. 1.88 3.36 11 6 Omo
Primates Cercopithecidae Paracolobus mutiwa 1.88 3.36 53 37 WT, ET, Omo
Primates Cercopithecidae Parapapio cf. whitei 2.35 3.36 2 2 WT
Primates Cercopithecidae Rhinocolobus turkanaensis 1.88 3.4 67 42 ET, Omo
Primates Cercopithecidae Theropithecus brumpti 1.12 3.36 179 77 WT, Omo
Primates Cercopithecidae Theropithecus oswaldi 0.7 2.85 37 30 WT, Omo
Primates Hominidae Australopithecus boisei 1.39 2.36* 69 29 WT, ET, Omo
Primates Hominidae Australopithecus cf. boisei 1.88 2.6 39 16 WT, ET, Omo
Primates Hominidae Australopithecus sp. (non-robust) 1.88 3.36 57 24 ET, Omo
Primates Hominidae Homo habilis 1.64 2.37* 7 4 ET, Omo
Primates Hominidae Homo cf. habilis 1.64 2.37 10 10 ET, Omo
Primates Hominidae Homo erectus 1.33 1.6 4 4 WT, ET
Primates Hominidae Homo cf. erectus 1.39 1.9 12 13 ET
Primates Hominidae Homo sp. 1.39 2.37* 9 17 ET, Omo
Primates Lorisidae Galago howelli 2.85 3.36 3 2 Omo
Proboscidea Deinotheriidae Deinotherium bozasi 1.33 4.1 50 30 WT, ET
Proboscidea Elephantidae Elephas recki 0.7 3.5 687 173 ET, WT, Omo
Proboscidea Elephantidae Loxodonta adaurora 1.88 4.35 19 10 WT, ET, Omo
Proboscidea Elephantidae Loxodonta atlantica 2.33 2.52 5 3 Omo
Proboscidea Elephantidae Loxodonta exoptata 2.52 3.36 5 2 WT, Omo
Rodentia Bathyergidae Heterocephalus atikoi 1.88 2.36 6 3 Omo
Rodentia Dipodidae Jaculus orientalis 1.39 2.36 9 4 ET, Omo
Rodentia Hystricidae Aethomys deheinzelini 1.88 2.36 28 3 Omo
Rodentia Hystricidae Aethomys sp. 1.39 1.88 2 2 ET
Rodentia Hystricidae Hystrix sp. 1.39 1.88 2 4 ET
Rodentia Hystricidae Xenohystrix crassidens 2.85 3.36 2 2 Omo
Rodentia Muridae Arvicanthis sp. 1.64 3.36 3 3 ET, Omo
Rodentia Muridae Golunda gurai 2.52 3.36 9 2 Omo
Rodentia Muridae Lemniscomys cf. striatus 2.33 3.36 18 3 Omo
Rodentia Muridae Mastomys minor 1.88 3.36 119 6 Omo
Rodentia Muridae Mus sp. 1.64 3.36 6 2 ET, Omo
Rodentia Muridae Tatera sp. 1.39 4.35 25 9 ET, Omo
Rodentia Muridae Thallomys jaegeri 2.52 3.36 13 2 Omo
Rodentia Muridae Thallomys quadrilobatus 1.64 2.34 16 4 ET, Omo
Rodentia Sciuridae Paraxerus ochraceus 2.33 3.36 37 3 Omo
Rodentia Sciuridae Xerus erythropus 2.52 3.36 5 2 Omo
Rodentia Sciuridae Xerus sp. 2.33 2.37 5 3 Omo
Rodentia Thryonomyidae Thryonomys gregorianus 2.33 3.36 3 3 Omo
Rodentia Thryonomyidae Thryonomys sp. 1.39 1.88 2 3 ET, WT

Table 3: Totals by Member for Turkana Basin Regions.

East Turkana
Member Age - Ma. #Loc. #Specim. FADs LADs F+L #Species
Galana Boi 0-.01 5.0 6 0 4 4 4
Chari .74-1.39 6.0 6 0 4 4 8
Okote 1.39-1.64 18.0 307 0 31 31 39
KBS 1.64-1.88 33.0 1517 12 21 33 58
U. Burgi 1.88-2.0 21.0 1066 29 7 36 53
L. Burgi 2.52-2.68 5.5 29 2 1 3 24
Tulu Bor 2.68-3.36 13.5 188 8 11 19 34
Lokochot 3.36-3.5 10.0 128 12 1 13 27
Moiti 3.5-4.1 4.5 29 5 0 5 15
Lonyumun 4.1-4.35 3.5 12 10 0 10 10
120.0 3287
West Turkana
Member Age - Ma. #Loc. #Specim. FADs LADs F+L #Species
Galana Boi 0-.01 1.0 0 1 1 1
Nariokotome 0.7-1.33 5.0 62 1 18 19 21
Natoo 1.33-1.6 9.5 107 3 16 19 36
Kaitio 1.6-1.88 9.5 160 6 8 14 41
Kalachoro 1.88-2.35 6.5 96 10 4 14 39
Lokalalei 2.35-2.52 3.0 36 2 5 7 33
Lomekwi 2.52-3.36 12.5 551 25 5 30 36
Kataboi 3.36-4.1 4.0 42 13 2 15 13
Lonyumun 4.1-5.0
51.0 1053
Omo
Member Age - Ma. #Loc. #Specim. FADs LADs F+L #Species
L 1.12-1.39 8.8 109 1 17 18 17
K 1.39-1.53 4.8 78 2 1 3 17
J 1.53-1.65 4.3 33 0 4 4 19
H 1.65-1.88 8.0 68 0 8 8 27
G 1.88-2.33 84.0 1482 8 27 35 54
E+F 2.33-2.37 49.6 1842 8 8 16 54
D 2.37-2.52 22.3 239 3 1 4 47
C 2.52-2.85 45.3 752 11 6 17 50
B 2.85-3.36 22.5 549 34 4 38 42
A 3.36-3.4 4.5 55 9 0 9 9
254.1 5207

Table 4: Totals by 200,000 year intervals for the northern Turkana Basin.

Ma. #Localities Max. FAD Max. LAD Max. F+L Max. #Sp. % Turnover Min. FAD Min. LAD Min. F+L Min. #Sp. % Turnover
0-.2 6.00 0 4 4 4 100 0 1 4 4 100
.2-.4 0.00 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 4 0
.4-.6 0.00 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 4 0
.6-.8 5.50 0 26 26 30 87 0 20 20 24 83
.8-1.0 1.90 0 0 0 30 0 0 0 0 24 0
1.0-1.2 4.50 0 4 4 34 12 0 0 0 24 0
1.2-1.4 10.70 1 12 13 45 29 0 9 9 34 26
1.4-1.6 28.40 0 19 19 64 30 0 11 11 44 25
1.6-1.8 43.10 3 24 27 88 31 1 13 14 57 25
1.8-2.0 48.70 6 25 31 110 28 2 11 13 67 19
2.0-2.2 52.80 14 0 14 104 13 5 0 5 65 8
2.2-2.4 83.90 21 11 32 101 32 13 2 15 62 24
2.4-2.6 34.30 5 10 15 89 17 1 3 4 52 8
2.6-2.8 33.90 3 5 8 90 9 2 1 3 52 6
2.8-3.0 20.30 7 3 10 90 11 2 0 2 50 4
3.0-3.2 15.70 0 0 0 83 0 0 0 0 48 0
3.2-3.4 20.20 51 1 52 85 61 20 0 20 48 42
3.4-3.6 9.00 13 0 13 33 39 10 0 10 28 36
3.6-3.8 2.60 0 0 0 21 0 0 0 0 18 0
3.8-4.0 2.60 0 0 0 21 0 0 0 0 18 0
4.0-4.2 2.10 10 0 10 21 48 8 0 8 18 44
4.2-4.4 1.20 11 0 11 11 100 10 0 10 10 100
Maximizing Approach Minimizing Approach
Ma. F+L Continuing #Taxa Chi-Square % Turnover Ma. F+L Continuing #Taxa Chi-Square % Turnover
1.4-1.6 19 45 64 30 1.4-1.6 11 33 44 25
.017 0.003
1.6-1.8 27 61 88 31 1.6-1.8 14 43 57 25
.148 0.481
1.8-2.0 31 79 110 28 1.8-2.0 13 54 67 19
6.975 3.071
2.0-2.2 14 90 104 13 2.0-2.2 5 60 65 8
9.780 6.510
2.2-2.4 32 69 101 32 2.2-2.4 15 47 62 24
5.590 5.540
2.4-2.6 15 74 89 17 2.4-2.6 4 48 52 8
2.540 0.153
2.6-2.8 8 82 90 9 2.6-2.8 3 49 52 6
.247 0.171
2.8-3.0 10 80 90 11 2.8-3.0 2 48 50 4
9.790 1.960
3.0-3.2 0 83 83 0 3.0-3.2 0 48 48 0

PUBLISHED DATASET #2:

Bobe, R., G.G. Eck, 2001.  Responses of African Bovids to Pliocene Climatic Change. Paleobiology Memoirs Vol. 27, Supp. No. 2, 1-47.

Time in Ma

3.33

3.33

3.23

~B8

2.95

~B11

~C1

2.85

2.74

~C4

~C5

2.6

2.52

2.4

2.36

2.33

2.27

2.19

2.15

2.11

1.95

USNO

SHUNGURA

Taxa

U3/6

U12

U19

B2

B3

B6

B7

B7-10

B8

B9

B10

B11

B12

B(U)

B12-C2

C0

C1

C2

C3

C4

C(M)

C4-7

C5-7

C5

C6

C7

C8

C9

C(U)

Dx

D1

D2

D1-3

D(M)

D3

D4

D(U)

D5

Ex

E0

E1

E2

E1-3

E3

E(M)

E3-4

E4

E(U)

E5

E5-F1

Fx

F0

F0-1

F1

F2

F3

F(U)

F5

G(L)x

G1

G2

G1-3

G3

G4

G3-5

G4-5

G5

G6

G4-7

G7

G8

G7-9

G8-9

G9

G10

G11

G9-13

G12

G11-13

G13

G15

G16

G17

G18

G19

G23

G24

G27

G28

H1

H4

Total in Shungura analytic data set

Total in Shungura and Usno

Bovidae sp.

4

114

3

1

2

1

1

3

53

3

2

39

1

1

1

9

1

12

25

20

31

10

59

53

5

13

1

10

1

9

11

3

22

29

23

41

4

11

9

12

5

1

5

7

14

72

4

45

2

2

6

2

3

29

52

2

2

73

17

25

8

61

4

26

3

7

12

18

100

30

2

1

3

1

1

2

3

1

1183

1303

Tragelaphini sp.

1

6

1

1

1

1

2

1

4

4

1

1

1

1

1

3

1

1

3

1

1

1

1

31

39

Tragelaphus sp.

2

1

2

2

2

1

2

1

11

13

T. nakuae

1

43

1

1

1

7

2

1

10

1

2

1

2

1

5

27

21

18

9

46

27

3

1

13

2

20

3

2

21

20

25

2

16

22

12

7

2

1

5

15

1

16

3

8

27

5

1

45

4

11

22

6

4

3

2

7

11

40

14

604

649

cf. T. gaudryi (kyaloae?)

1

1

2

2

T. gaudryi

2

1

1

1

3

2

3

2

24

1

14

1

5

4

2

26

2

49

3

7

5

5

1

1

3