Guidelines to the Use of Wild Birds in Research

TABLE OF CONTENTS

The Ornithological Council		v
Table i (Abbreviations)		vi
Preface		vii
I. Introduction
	A. Overview	1
	B. Relationships among concerned organizations	1
	C. General considerations	2
	D. Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee	3
II. Permits (Anderson)
	A. Overview	5
	Table 11-1: Various types of permits and their issuing agencies	6
	B. Collecting permits	7
	C. Banding and salvage permits	8
	D. Endangered species permits	9
	E. Import/export permits	9
	F. Refuge permits	9
	G. Miscellaneous permits and agreements	10
	H. IACUC protocols	10
	I. Records	10
III. Investigator impact
	A. Overview	10
	B. Considerations	11
	C. Investigator disturbances	11
	D. Suggestions for field researchers	12
	E. Publication	12
	F. Conclusions	12
IV. Collecting and Trapping
	A. Why ornithologists collect specimens	12
	B. What is an adequate sample?	13
	C. Methods for collecting specimens	13
	D. Habitat and population considerations	14
V. Marking (Able and Oring)
	A. Overview	14
	B. Metal bands	15
	C. Colored plastic and celluloid leg bands	15
	D. Dyes and ultraviolet markers	16
	E. Neck collars	16
	F. Nasal discs and saddles	17
	G. Patagial (wing) markers and leg tags	17
	H. Radio transmitters	17
	I. Electronic tags	18
	J. Responsibility of bander	18
VI. Transport (Able)
	A. Overview	18
	B. Air transport	19
	C. Ground transport	20
	D. Short-term captivity	20
VII. Housing and Captive Breeding (Baptista, Oring)
	A. Overview	20
	B. Quarantine and isolation of animals	21
	C. Prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and control of animal diseases	21
	D. Separation by species and source	21
	E. Daily care	22
	F. Caging, housing, and general maintenance	22
	G. Special considerations for aquatic birds	25
	H. Raptors	26
	I. Identification and records	26
	J. Disposition of birds after experiments	26
	K. Variations on standard procedure	27
	L. Zoonoses	27
VIII. Minor Manipulative Procedures (Wingfield)
	A. Overview	27
	B. Collection of blood samples	28
	C. Collection of other tissues	29
	D. Collection of food samples and force feeding	29
	E. Cloacal lavage	30
	F. Injections and insertion of implants	30
	G. Determination of egg viability	31
	H. Playback of tape-recorded vocalizations and the use of decoys	31
	I. Artificial eggs	31
	J. Experimental manipulation of plumage	31
IX. Major Manipulative Techniques (Gaunt)
	A. Overview	32
	B. Some primary considerations	32
	C. Restraint	32
	D. Anesthesia	33
	E. Surgery	34
	F. Laparotomy and other techniques for sexing	36
	G. Euthanasia	37
X. Acknowledgements and disclaimer		38
XI. References		39
Appendix A (Addresses)		49
	Canada	49
	Mexico	50
	USA	50
	Internet Resources	51
Appendix B (ABA Code of Ethics)		52